A colleague of mine asks why an electric shock hurts? Specifically we were thinking of an electrostatic spark, such as when you rub across carpet and touch a door knob, but a more general answer about other kinds of dc and ac electric shocks is also interesting.
We brainstormed three possibilities in what we think is in order of decreasing likelihood:
1. Some directly electrical effect such as an electrostatic force on the atoms of your finger or even directly acting on the ions in your nerve channels.
2. A thermal effect of the hot “mini lightning” strike.
3. An acoustic effect as a “mini thunder” pressure wave hits your finger.