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[Phys-L] Are Prisoners more Religious?



Here are some data points for religious affiliation. They come from the
National Census.
Note the caveats: Table 67 is both self-described AND telephone solicited.
Table 68 has slightly more credibility.
Telephone surveys are inevitably biassed. Once, they underrepresented the poor.
I believe they now tend to under-represent the young and affluent who select
cell phones. I will offer some comparisons between these tables and Hugh's
data in the next day or two.


National Census Data:

<http://www.census.gov/prod/www/religion.htm>

No. 67. Self-Described Religious Identification of Adult Population:
1990 and 2001
In thousands (175,440 represents 175,440,000).

The American Religious Identification Survey (ARIS) 2001
was based on a random digit-dialed telephone survey of 50,281
American residential households in the continental U.S.A (48 states).

Respondents were asked to describe themselves in terms of religion
with an open-ended question. Interviewers did not prompt or offer a
suggested list of potential answers. Moreover, the self-description
of respondents was not based on whether established religious
bodies, institutions, churches, mosques or synagogues considered
them to be members. Quite the contrary, the survey sought to
determine whether the respondents themselves regarded themselves
as adherents of a religious community. Subjective rather
than objective standards of religious identification were tapped
by the surveys

Religious group 1990 2001
Adult population, total (1) . . . . . . . . 175,440 207,980
Total Christian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151,496 159,506
Catholic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46,004 50,873
Baptist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,964 33,830
Protestant - no denomination supplied . . 17,214 4,647
Methodist/Wesleyan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,174 14,150
Lutheran . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,110 9,580
Christian - no denomination supplied. . . 8,073 14,150
Presbyterian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,985 5,596
Pentecostal/Charismatic . . . . . . . . . . . 3,191 4,407
Episcopalian/Anglican. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,042 3,451
Mormon/Latter-Day Saints. . . . . . . . . . 2,487 2,787
Churches of Christ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,769 2,593
Jehovah's Witness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,381 1,331
Seventh-Day Adventist . . . . . . . . . . . . 668 724
Assemblies of God. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660 1,106
Holiness/Holy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 610 569
Congregational/United Church of Christ . 599 1,378
Church of the Nazarene . . . . . . . . . . . 549 544
Church of God . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531 944
Orthodox (Eastern) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502 645
Evangelical (2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 1,032
Mennonite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 346
Christian Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 194
Church of the Brethren . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 358
Born Again (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 56
Nondenominational (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 2,489
Disciples of Christ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 492
Reformed/Dutch Reform . . . . . . . . . . . 161 289
Apostolic/New Apostolic . . . . . . . . . . . 117 254
Quaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 217
Full Gospel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 168
Christian Reform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 79
Foursquare Gospel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 70

Religious group 1990 2001
Fundamentalist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 61
Salvation Army . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 25
Independent Christian Church . . . . . . . 25 71
Total other religions. . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,853 7,740
Jewish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,137 2,831
Muslim/Islamic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527 1,104
Buddhist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 1,082
Unitarian/Universalist . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502 629
Hindu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 766
Native American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 103
Scientologist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 55
Baha'I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 84
Taoist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 40
New Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 68
Eckankar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 26
Rastafarian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 11
Sikh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 57
Wiccan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 134
Deity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 49
Druid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 33
Santeria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 22
Pagan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 140
Spiritualist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 116
Ethical Culture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 4
Other unclassified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837 386
No religion specified, total . . . . . . . . 14,331 29,481
Atheist. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 902
Agnostic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,186 991
Humanist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 49
Secular . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 53
No religion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,116 27,486
Refused to reply to question. . . . . . . 4,031 11,246

NA Not available.
1 Refers to the total number of adults in all fifty states.
All other figures are based on projections from
surveys conducted in the continental United States (48 states).
2 Because of the subjective nature of replies to open-ended
question, these categories are the most unstable as they
do not refer to clearly identifiable denominations as much as underlying
feelings about religion.
Thus they may be the most subject to fluctuation over time.

Source: 1990 data, Barry A. Kosmin and Seymour P. Lachman,
''One Nation Under God: Religion in Contemporary American
Society'', 1993; 2001 data, The Graduate Center of the City
University of New York, New York, NY, Barry A. Kosmin,
Egon Mayer and Ariela Keysar,
American Religious Identification Survey, 2001 (copyright).

############################################

No. 68. Religious Bodies-Selected Data
[Membership data: 2,500 represents 2,500,000. Includes the self-reported
membership of religious bodies with 750,000 or more
as reported to the Yearbook of American and Canadian Churches.
Groups may be excluded if they do not supply information. The
data are not standardized so comparisons between groups are difficult.
The definition of ''church member'' is determined by the
religious body]

Religious body
Year
reported

Churches

reported
Membership
(1,000)

Pastors
serving
parishes 1

African Methodist Episcopal Church. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 1999 (NA) 2,500 7,741
African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 2002 3,226 1,431 3,235
American Baptist Churches in the U.S.A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 2002 5,836 1,484 4,325
Assemblies of God . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 2002 12,133 2,687 19,005
Baptist Bible Fellowship International . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 2002 4,500 1,200 (NA)
Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) in the United States
and Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 2002 3,691 786 3,362
Christian Churches and Churches of Christ. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 1988 5,579 1,072 5,525
Christian Methodist Episcopal Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 2002 3,300 850 3,001
Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 2002 6,623 945 5,084
Church of God in Christ, The . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 1991 15,300 5,500 28,988
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, The . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 2002 11,879 5,411 35,657
Churches of Christ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 1999 15,000 1,500 14,500
Episcopal Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 2001 7,344 2,334 6,057
Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 2002 10,721 5,038 7,354
Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . (NA) 510 1,500 599
Jehovah's Witnesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 2002 11,876 1,022 (NA)
Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod (LCMS), The . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2002 6,142 2,513 5,217
National Baptist Convention of America, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 2000 (NA) 3,500 (NA)
National Baptist Convention, U.S.A., Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . (NA) 9,000 5,000 (NA)
National Missionary Baptist Convention of America. . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 1992 (NA) 2,500 (NA)
Orthodox Church in America, The . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 2002 725 900 792
Pentecostal Assemblies of the World, Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 1998 1,750 1,500 4,500
Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 2002 11,097 3,407 8,725
Progressive National Baptist Convention, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 1995 2,000 2,500 (NA)
Roman Catholic Church, The . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 2002 19,484 66,407 (NA)
Seventh-day Adventist Church . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 2002 4,619 919 2,589
Southern Baptist Convention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 2002 42,775 16,248 94,231
United Church of Christ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . 2002 5,850 1,331 4,295
United Methodist Church, The . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 2002 35,102 8,251 24,273

NA Not available.
1 Does not include retired clergy or clergy not working with congregations.
Source: National Council of Churches, New York, NY,
2004 Yearbook of American and Canadian Churches, annual
(copyright).
(For more info visit <www.ncccusa.org> or call 888-870-3325.)


Brian Whatcott Altus OK Eureka!
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