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In the polar regions air navigation is not by the Lat/Long convention,
but by a square grid oriented parallel to the 0/180 meridian, and
tangent to the earth near the mid point of the intended flight
path.Compases are set to O° parallel to the Greenwich meridian (180°
when heading north along the 180° meridian).
This
enables navigation to "look" reasonably normal, and gives a fixed
heading to a track between points near, but not crossing, the pole.