Chronology Current Month Current Thread Current Date
[Year List] [Month List (current year)] [Date Index] [Thread Index] [Thread Prev] [Thread Next] [Date Prev] [Date Next]

[Phys-l] Calculation of the Energy of The Machian Univers





In General Relativity the concept of energy conservation seems to have
gone missing. In fact a rigorous calculation if total energy in cosmology is
impossible in any Universe with a changing scale factor, in other words
the straightforward notion of time translation invariance is lost in an
expanding or contracting space time. In General Relativity energy is frame
dependent and there is no preferred frame we can use to define the energy of
the Universe.

Yet we constantly hear about the zero energy Universe. How can we make this
assertion if energy is undefinable in General Relativity? In this post I
shall present a semi Newtonian calculation which I think will both
illustrate the difficulty of defining the energy of the Universe and offer , what I
think , is a helpful way to think about this question, which admittingly
not rigorous , is still somewhat useful in illustrating why generally it
is asserted that the energy of the Universe is zero.

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))



Machian origin of the entropic gravity and cosmic acceleration
Authors: _Merab Gogberashvili_
(http://arxiv.org/find/physics/1/au:+Gogberashvili_M/0/1/0/all/0/1) , _Igor Kanatchikov_
(http://arxiv.org/find/physics/1/au:+Kanatchikov_I/0/1/0/all/0/1)
(Submitted on 29 Dec 2010)

Abstract: We discuss the emergence of relativistic effects in the Machian
universe with a global preferred frame and use thermodynamic considerations
to clarify the origin of gravity as an entropic force and the origin of
dark energy/cosmic acceleration as related to the Hawking-Unruh temperature
at the universe's horizon.


_http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/arxiv/pdf/1012/1012.5914v1.pdf_
(http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/arxiv/pdf/1012/1012.5914v1.pdf)


)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))


Observer related energy content as a function of volume.


Given that'

E(R) = M(R)*c^2 + M(R)*phi(R)


-phi(R)= 2*G*M(R)/R


E(R)= M(R)*c^2- M*R)*v_e^2


E(R)= M(R)*(c^2-v_e^2)

Therefore

R<R_H E(R) >0

R=R_H E(R) =0

R>R_H E(R) <0

Thiis illustrates the problem of calculating the energy of the
Universe since


SUM {all i for R<R_H} E_i <> E_unv


))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))
))))


Energy of the Universe as a function of Geometry


E_unv= omega*M_crit*c^2+ Omega*M_crit*phi( R_H)


E_unv= omega*M_crit*c^2- 2*G*omega^2*M_)crit^2/R_H


E_unv = Omega*M_crit*c^2*( 1- Omega)


Bob Zannelli