Process Performance, Reversibility and the Residence Time of Conserved
Quantities
Abstract
The concept of residence time was comparatively applied to conserved
quantities of mass, momentum, energy and charge. It was shown that the
residence time of momentum is a useful transportation performance
metric, and an expression of the Gabrielli ? von Karman limit.
Energetic residence time was shown to equal one-half the residence
time of momentum, and to measure thermodynamic process reversibility
as energy is transformed into a final thermal form. Estimates of
energetic residence time for various commonly utilized forms spanned
of 26 orders of magnitude.
Outline
1. Background
a. Residence Time of Mass Element in a Reservoir
b. Residence Time of Energy in Biological Systems
2. Residence Time of Momentum Element in a Mass
a. Extension of Residence Time Concept
b. Horizontal Momentum Transfer Without Acceleration
c. Falling Mass at Terminal Velocity
d. Reversibility and Elasticity
e. Gravitationally Forced Collision Singularity
f. Momentum Transfer Boundaries and the Superposition of Forces
g. Gabrielli - von Karman Limit Line
h. Average Momentum Transfer and Residence Time
3. Residence Time of Energy
a. Residence Time of Energy in a Translating Mass
b. Mass and Energy Transfer Bounds
c. Residence Time of Energy in a Thermal Mass
d. Reversibility and Entropy Change During Heat Transfer
e. Residence Time of Energy Associated with Emissions
4. Residence Time of Charge in a Capacitor
a. Ideal Electronic Components
b. Parallel RC Discharge
c. Analog to Kinetic System
5. Energy Utilization Spectrum
a. Human Biomass
b. Thermal Conditioning
c. Transportation
d. Lighting
e. Information Transmission
6. Conclusions
a. Understanding Energy Flow
b. Process Development and Evolution