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Stephen Speicher wrote:
The Michelson-Morley experiment failed to detect a
_stationary_ ether, but did not alone rule out a partial
dragging theory, such as that advocated by George Stokes,
where there is full drag at the Earth's surface, tapering off
to zero at some distance. The authors even acknowledged
Stokes' theory in the conclusion of their 1887 paper.
By itself the Michelson-Morley results cannot rule out ether
dragging, but the aberration of starlight (first measured
in 1729 by James Bradley) is incompatible with ether drag.