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Re: conservation of momentum (was Re: Heat as an indestructiblesubstance)



Bob Sciamanda wrote:

I assume your "either" was meant to be "neither" : )

The FLT axiomizes that there exists a system energy state function
E(S,N,X). S is the entropy, N is the particle number, and X may be one or
several other state variables. The increment in energy may then be
expressed in terms of these state variables and the respective partial
derivatives:
dE = TdS + MdN + YdX. T, M and Y being the appropriate partial
derivatives.

Does this apply to systems different from an ideal gas? Should the system be
in equilibrium? If not, how do you define the entropy for a non-equilibrium
system? Could your definition be related to the classical definition
dS=dQrev/T? Is the entropy a state function? Proof? What is N in a complex
system containing e.g. biopolymers? Which are the "several other state
variables" for a complex system? Are you right to write dE = TdS + MdN + YdX
if the variables (S, N and X) are not independent? Are they independent? What
is the meaning of the partial derivatives if the variables are not
independent? What is the meaning of the partial derivatives if the system is
not at equilibrium?

Pentcho