An excellent resource for material is the Project Physics text and reader (1970) Holt. This particular program took a historical approach to teaching physics, so the material is steeped in the history of the subject.
Such a course could also be used to investigate whether the students actually gain any understanding of science in general and physics in particular by using a historical approach. You might want to pre and posttest using the astronomy inventory reported in the physics teacher, the force concept inventory, and a few other sources. With the recent article in the AJP PER issue about the historical approach to optics, more evidence about the historical approach would be valuable.