Have students look at pictures and have them infer information from what they're seeing….
Examine satellite pictures of earth or other solar system objects and ask about where is the sun in this picture, what season is it, etc.?
Pictures of people walking around. Can you infer the season? Location? Occasion (if there's a parade or something)? Maybe they might even be able to look at old pictures and have a clue about when they were taken.
Old yearbook pictures - infer the decade from the clothes and hairdos being worn.
More sciencey: describe an experiment someone else conducted. Ask about the reason(s) for whatever results were found. (The students might be wrong, but they can come up with reasonable answers I hope.)