Re: less than sqrt(hbar)

[Ludwik Kowalski <kowalskil@MAIL.MONTCLAIR.EDU>]

1) It terms of volts, what is the smallest measurable DOP?

2) In the abstract posted by JohnD,

>    Phys. Rev. Lett. 55, 2409–2412 (1985)
>    http://prola.aps.org/abstract/PRL/v55/i22/p2409_1

I see a reference to vacuum fluctuations.
How can such fluctuations be explained at
the level of an introductory physics course?
Ludwik Kowalski